Many people with age, you receive a disease of the joints that the doctors call it osteoarthritis. Most often osteoarthritis affects people over 45 years of age and very often, it is the osteoarthritis of the knee. If you do not treat osteoarthritis, when the cartilage disappears and the bone bare, and it will be impossible to carry out the functions of the knee joint.
The reasons that lead to the onset of osteoarthritis
The onset of osteoarthritis in the knee joint can contribute to a number of factors. Among them, the doctors emit the following:
The different mechanics of the injury. It may be that the diseases and dislocations, but extremely dangerous damage to the menisci. The injuries are exactly this factor, which can trigger the development of oa in the very young age. The doctors say that the cause of oa is not in itself a trauma, and the treatment of this injury, which is linked to the commitment of the members and, in consequence, disorders of the microcirculation of blood in the joint, and leads to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. In the case of damage to the menisci follow-up to their elimination, statistics in medicine, says that, in nine cases out of ten, to avoid osteoarthritis impossible;
Excess of weight itself the knee does not hurt, but is a risk factor for damage of the menisci. This trauma is very dangerous, the recovery process of an injury to the meniscus sustainable and in most cases, leads to osteoarthritis. The doctors think that the most heavy form of osteoarthritis of the knee joint occur in people in addition to overweight, suffer from varicose veins;
The problem with the packages. Quite common in people who have a good physical shape. These people have a great mobility of the joints themselves and are flexible. These people are easy to sit down at the string and may perform different elements of stretching exercises, even without training. However, these people are "loose" ligament. Carried out by these persons exercises lead to the knee receives microtrauma, and they are already in the future, economic on the cause of osteoarthritis;
This disease of the joints such as arthritis is very easily going in osteoarthritis. The fact that arthritis is an inflammation that leads to the formation of large amounts of fluid in the joint cavity, which ultimately leads to more destruction of cartilage and osteoarthritis of the knee joint;
The changes in metabolism lead to the development of arthritis, particularly important for the joints is a service of calcium; In one last time, there were several theories that explain the onset of osteoarthritis the influence of stress. In the opinion of madcow, after 40 years, a lot of women accumulate emotional fatigue, and it is she who is the cause of disorders in the process of blood circulation, including in the lower extremities, why suffering, and of the knee joint.
The symptoms of the disease
With osteoarthritis of the knee-joint is most often set one of the following symptoms:
The pain in the knee. The main feature lies in the fact that the pain appear suddenly. Generally, the person experiences a feeling of discomfort and a throbbing pain for several months and even years. Reinforce the sensation of pain while running or walking fast. If the pain is appeared in the knee joint of a spectacular way, probably, is not of osteoarthritis, and pinched the meniscus. The disease develops most are of pain. Particularly strong pain after the expenses linked to the long walking or weight training. The pain subside after resting, but as soon as that occurs the physical activity, the pain is immediately re-appear. In many cases, in patients with the sick, the knees produces a worsening of the pain during a weather change, and the pain felt when driving, and in a state of rest. To relieve the symptoms of pain, it is recommended the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
The deformation of the same tribe. This symptom manifests itself in the later stages of the development of the disease. It must not be confused with the deformation of the knee joint with swelling that can occur at the beginning of the disease; excessive Accumulation of fluid in the knee joint. This phenomenon doctors call the synovitis, but with time, the synovitis can go in for the cyst of Baker, which is manifested by the appearance of a seal on the rear wall of the knee joint. Fortunately, a cyst Baker is treatable without surgery;
A popping sound. The difference of cracking in the joints of people in good health at time of crunch in the final development stages of osteoarthritis accompanied by severe pain. In addition, to the crackle when the osteoarthritis is a specific "dry". The cause of squeaking is a problem of ligament, or excessive mobility of the most common;
The limitation of the mobility of the knee joint. Because of strong pains, the patient can not freely bend and straighten the leg. As a rule, the restriction of mobility is accompanied by the deformation joints, which is visible on the outside. In the final stages of development of osteoarthritis of the joint economic totally immobile and the independent movements of the patients to become very problematic. Depending on the degree of severity of symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee joint in the medical practice, has decided to award such a degree of development of the disease:
- Osteoarthritis of the joint of the first degree. The pains are minimal and mainly occur during the execution of movements. In a state of rest of the pain disappear. The cartilage is at this stage already surprised, but the deformation is not visible visually. In the joint and the liquid can accumulate and form a cyst Baker;
- Osteoarthritis of the joint of the second degree. Cartilage, the tissue system caused by narrowing of the joint space. X-rays of the joint, at this stage, show that the bone has increased in size. The patient does any movement is accompanied by an acute pain, but in a state of rest the pain is not. When the flexion and extension of the leg course, feature on osteoarthritis, "dry" bite. With itself a distortion and straightening of the knee joint, there are problems, the doctors see in patients due to the deformation of the joint;
- Osteoarthritis of the joint of the third degree. The cartilage is so thin that in some places, the bone is fully exposed. In addition, in the cavity of the articular appear of the salt deposits, as the doctors call osteophytes. The patient is very worried about the pain, that never ends, neither in movement nor in rest.
The diagnosis of osteoarthritis
Presumptive diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the doctor can put it when the question of the patient during the examination. However, for an accurate diagnosis are the two required for the study: diagnosis by ultrasound and x-ray. As regards the laboratory analyses of blood, they may designate, to eliminate the disease, all of which have the same clinical picture, for example, arthritis. The most informative for the treating physician are the results of the x-ray, which gives the possibility to judge the degree of narrowing of the joint space, and also gives the opportunity to see osteophytes. At the same time, the ULTRASOUND gives information on the thickness of the articular cartilage, and gives an idea in what state are adjacent to knee joint tissue.
The treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
In cases of suspected osteoarthritis of the knee-joint, should apply to the commissioner for militia of district doctor, who in case of necessity send it to a ben the ado or an orthopedist. The treatment of the disease involves a variety of treatment strategies, however, the most effective way to this day is the drug treatment of osteoarthritis. In fact, the doctors use several groups of drugs. It is:
- Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs;
- Chondroprotectors;
- Hormones steroid series
- The drugs improving the blood circulation;
- Vitamins
The ozonothérapie
This methodology provides for the effects of ozone (O3) on-knee hit of osteoarthritis. This technique can be performed directly to the outside by the action of ozone on the joint and the introduction of the injection. Is this the effects of the ozone has no contraindications, but at the same time, has well-expressed therapeutic effect. In patients decrease pain, decrease inflammation, as well as the blood circulation is restored to the knee. It is considered that the ozonothérapie is very good for the treatment with the application chondroprotectors.
Physiotherapy
This methodology is based on the assumption that during the execution of exercises for the restoration of the vascularization of the knee joint, and with it begins all restore the cartilage and restore the elasticity of ligaments. All of the exercises individually to each patient by the physician. This treatment combines very well with the medication treatment.
Physiotherapy
According to many doctors in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, physiotherapy is a primary, not secondary, methods of treatment. In the context of physiotherapy to remove the pain sensations and restore most of the functions of the joint, in addition, some methods in the framework of physiotherapy to relieve the pain and recovers most of the functions of the joint, in addition, some methods of physiotherapy allow you to enter medications for the treatment of the disease. To this day, all the procedures of the physiotherapy on the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint are sharing on these groups:
- Reduce the pain;
- Acute inflammatory processes;
- Restorative the circulation of the blood;
- Analgesic Physio
SUF
In the framework of this procedure, the most often used means of exposure to uv (SUF). During the procedure, the ultraviolet rays are sent over the knee and focus on him, until appears slight redness on the skin. It is believed that this is evidence of the development of substances that reduce the sensitivity to painful sensations. Generally, patients are prescribed 6-7 sessions SUF.
Magnet therapy
Recently, a particularly popular become magnetotherapy. It is believed that the method applies to arthritis first and of the second degree. The patients are 10-25 procedures, magnetic therapy, every procedure takes about 30 minutes. Thanks to the influence of a magnetic field recovers the vascularization of the cartilage and, as a result, the healing begins.
Physical exercises for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
Therapeutic exercises for the treatment of osteoarthritis is very important. There is a lot of development in this direction, but the most important of the results gave a complex exercise, designed by dr. Evdokimenko and Lana Paley. Unfortunately, the complex there are restrictions. You can't perform exercises of people:
- Critical for women days;
- Patients with a high intracranial and blood pressure;
- When the body temperature above 37.5 0S;
- In the presence of an inguinal hernia;
- In the case of heart failure;
- With acute diseases of the internal organs.
The complex stretches over nine years. Before starting the daily application of the complex you should always consult with a physician. The practice shows that the proper execution of the exercises Evdokimenko – Paley under the supervision of doctors gives excellent results. And it should also be noted that to perform these exercises using the warming ointment.
The diet in the treatment of osteoarthritis
One of the causes of osteoarthritis of the knee joints is excess weight, which puts additional pressure on the joints. Therefore, weight reduction is one of the most important tasks in the complex treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis. Data from many studies indicate that weight loss of 5 kilograms a discernible impact on the improvement of the condition of the joints of the patient. Nutritionists believe that the diet of the patient must have a sufficient amount of vitamins and oligo-elements, and at the same time, must have a minimum of calories. With osteoarthritis in any case, do not engage in of diuretic teas, which like to use the fans to drive out the excess weight. The fact that the leaching of the calcium, and it is very desirable with osteoarthritis of the joints. The patient's diet should be split, and for the snack must use vegetables and fruits. It is believed that the morning should start with breakfast, otherwise the metabolic processes of the long time are not included, and it is likely that failures. Exactly the same influence and dinners end, which must be at least 2-3 hours before bedtime. Not less important is to drink enough water (at least 2 liters per day). And also very important, it is the quality of the food. When osteoarthritis is very important to the inclusion of products such as:
- Soups, broths, and jellies, cooked on the bone. These products contain a large number of natural chondroprotectors and collagen;
- The meat of chicken or turkey, which are an excellent source of protein, it is extremely important for a good metabolism;
- Fish, walnuts, and hazelnuts are very important as sources of vitamin E;
- Cereals and whole grain bread is the best choice for complex carbohydrates are necessary for a healthy diet of the patient;
- Sunflower oil, flax or olive oil is also important components of the food, as they are sources of unsaturated fatty acids.
In the treatment of osteoarthritis it is important to remember the fact that the treatment of this disease may not be immediate and, in fact, is managed by a certain mode of life, in the contrary case, the patient may lose the ability to move around.